The Forum of Trajan is inspired in its general design, in the near Forum of Augustus, but at the same time introducing many innovative features. One of these is represented by the position of the Basilica Ulpia, placed transversely to close the bottom side of the square of the Forum, normally occupied by a temple front seat.
But the most important detail is that the package shows obvious similarities to the military camps. These camps were indeed a main square where they were the tents of the commander and the tribunes and where the troops arengaba Square which was closed in one of the sides closer to a basilica, there were just over the military archives, in correspondence of which to be recorded in the forum the two libraries, and finally, the column is usually at the site occupied by the sanctuary of vexilla or weapons Legionari.
The forum was built from a large square surrounded with porches measuring x m with exadrae on both sides. The main entrance to the forum is for the south side, where it is located a triumphal arch topped by a statue of Trajan in a coach with six horses. Ulpia the basilica is located on the north side of the square, it was covered with rectangular blocks of marble and decorated with a large equestrian statue of Trajan.
On each side of the market square is also hosted by exedrae. North of the Basilica had a smaller square, with a temple dedicated to Trajan deified on the north side. Immediately north of the Basilica Ulpia on each side of the Forum had two libraries, one containing the documents in Latin and the other documents in Greek. Between the two libraries stood Trajan column of 38 m in height. The Basilica Ulpia, which closed the plaza by the fund, has only been partially excavated.
It is the largest basilica of imperial Rome, with a length of meters and a width of nearly 60 and whose name derives from the adjective of the emperor Marco Ulpia Trajan.
Had access to the southeast, with a central opening of three arches and two sides of a single arch, framed by columns and crowned by groups of statues, as we confirm the reproductions in the currencies of the time. The interior of the basilica was formed by a monumental nave, separated by imposing granite columns of the four lower than the surrounding buildings on all four sides; under these ships were divided among themselves by rows of marble columns.
John, who also occupied part of the firewall of the Forum of Augustus. These findings were revealed through the excavations of the s of some of the garden areas planted during the initial presentation of the Vie dei Fori Imperiali in the Fascist era; many of the medieval walls are still visible, build directly onto the Trajanic pavement. Currently, a section of the Via Alessandrina from the papal neighborhood that divides the Markets area from the forum piazza, is being excavated.
Dio lxviii. I; Vict. When completed by Trajan it consisted of the forum proper, the basilica Ulpia , the column of Trajan, and the bibliotheca, and extended from the forum Augustum north-west between the Capitoline and Quirinal hills , with the same orientation as the other imperial fora.
Unlike these it did not contain a central temple of which it formed a virtual porticus for the possible significance of the sacellum Libertatis, see below. The space thus prepared was metres in width, and the extreme length of forum and temple precinct was about metres.
The inscription on the pedestal of the column CIL vi. Caesari divi Nervae f. This was confirmed by the discovery of an ancient street and houses of the early empire beneath the foundation of the column NS , , ; CQ , In view of this fact various attempts have been made to explain the inscription, and especially mons, in some other way Boni, NA , I Nov.
Napoli xxiv. The least unsatisfactory explanation as yet suggested is that mons refers to the extreme eastern shoulder of the Quirinal , the collis Latiaris, that was cut back so far that the height of the excavation was approximately feet Hulsen, Geogr. Jahrbuch xxxiv. The forum proper was a rectangular court Gell. Around three sides was a colonnade of different kinds of marble, single on the south-east, and double on the north-east and south-west. This arch is represented on coins Cohen, Traj.
It was surmounted by a six-horse chariot, in which stood the emperor crowned by Victory Baumeister, Denkmaler, fig. On the roof of the colonnade were gilded statues of horses and military standards, provided from the spoils of war Gell.
On each side was a smaller arch; and the three entrances corresponded to those of the basilica Ulpia. One of the colonnades in this forum was called porticus Purpuretica, probably because the columns were of porphyry Hist. SHA , 7. A, 9; , A, 46, where this statement is called a pure invention ; CIL xv. In the intercolumnar spaces of the porticoes, and perhaps here and there in the area, Trajan and his successors set up statues of many distinguished statesmen and generals Hist.
Marci Claudius Fronto, CIL vi. In this forum the consuls, and presumably other officials, held court Gell. Dio lxxi. Meyer- Mommsen Down to A. The forum is represented on coins Cohen, Traj. VIII, app. The hemicycle on the north-east side of the forum area has been partially excavated NS , So the past, both architecturally and politically, was continued and commemorated. By the time Constantius visited, the Forum Trajani had existed for almost two-and-a-half centuries and the capitol of the empire had shifted to Constantinople.
And yet, however faded, its visual effect still was a profound expression of Rome's former grandeur. AP Art History. Search this site. Global Prehistory. Ancient Mediterranean.
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